Vortioxetine Cognitive In Depressed Adults -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Vortioxetine Cognitive In Depressed Adults? Answer: Introduction According to the information provided by the CBS News, the effect of placebo has proved to be beneficial for patients suffering from depression. However, according to the views of Irving Kirsch, placebos have proved to be effective in curing disorders like bowel syndrome, ulcers and even Parkinsons disease. He emphasized on the topic of Randomized Clinical Trials, where it was observed that individuals suffering from osteoarthritis has undergone knee surgery however, there was no difference. In this case the placebo effect did wonders to the patients suffering from osteoarthritis and proved to be better than the real surgery. In this regard, it is noteworthy to point out the methodological weaknesses that have been associated with the Randomized Controlled Trials while evaluating the importance of placebo. The main weakness that has been highlighted is regarding the usage of placebo controls during clinical trials which are considered to be controversial even today. However, with changing methods and scientific techniques, the use of placebo controls has been permitted by the international ethical guidance and ethical analysis (Hall, Loscalzo and Kaptchuk 2015). The permission has been granted based on the following factors- where no effective treatment has been observed regarding a condition which is the subject matter of current study and when the nature of the treatment can cause negligible risks to the participants (Kakwani and Siddique 2014). In this regard, it is noteworthy to mention here that, when there develops irresistible methodological reasons which promotes the use of placebo, in that case the intention of the research is to develop certain interventions. The interventions have to be implemented and therefore the selection of trial participants can be determined. The concept of methodological reasons has proved to be essential in evaluating the importance of placebo effects (Belzung 2014). In this regard, it has been centralized that since time immemorial, Randomized placebo controlled trials has been considered to be an accurate method of assessing the adequacy of the treatment in preventing interventions (Kakwani and Siddique 2014). In modern era the concept and practice of placebo controls has been accepted by the people (Hall, Loscalzo and Kaptchuk 2015). However, such acceptance is limited in case of trial methods where there is no effective treatment for a certain disease. It has been addressed in the transcript that randomized control trials have been raising ethical concerns during the existence of an effective treatment. In this regard, the selection of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designed. In this context, it can be mentioned that the use of placebo control trials (PCTs) are permitted and has been accepted in cases where there exists no effective intervention for the conditions under examination (Hall, Loscalzo and Kaptchuk 2015). Secondly, the use of placebo has proved to be an effective in treating various discomforts. It is noteworthy to mention here that; placebo has been accepted in treating the treatments related to common headache, ulcers and even osteoarthritis. The use of placebo is also permissible in cases where there arise negative consequences and is left untreated (Leppnen et al. 2014). However, the risks concerned must be negligible and the use of placebo must be treated as an alternative. Justification has been applied to the use of placebo controls in trials of new treatments and also in case of conditions in which the response of both the established treatment and placebo is highly fluctuating. It has been established that, depression is often associated with fluctuating symptoms and is concerned with a placebo response rate which is comparatively high (McIntyre, Lophaven and Olsen 2014). However, it is common to have contradictory evidence of the effectiveness of certified anti-depressants which proved to be superior to the placebo effect in some trials. However, in most of the cases, the use of placebo as a sugar pill proved to be beneficial over the actual anti-depressants. The major methodological weakness is associated with the determination of the drug. Determining a certified anti-depressant and a new drug has proved to be a major challenge. While demonstrating the equality of a new drug with that of an established anti-depressant, it is impossible to come at a conclusion regarding the performance of a particular drug (Walsh et al. 2014). It is difficult to determine that the performance of which drug was better that the placebo in the trial method (McIntyre, Lophaven and Olsen 2014). It was emphasized that similar conditions may arise in case of treatments associated bowel syndrome and Parkinsons disease. In this regard, the use of placebo control may prove to be productive. References: Belzung, C., 2014. Innovative drugs to treat depression: did animal models fail to be predictive or did clinical trials fail to detect effects?.Neuropsychopharmacology,39(5), p.1041. Hall, K.T., Loscalzo, J. and Kaptchuk, T.J., 2015. Genetics and the placebo effect: the placebome.Trends in molecular medicine,21(5), pp.285-294. Kakwani, R. and Siddique, M., 2014. Operative compared with nonoperative treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures: a prospective, randomized, controlled multicenter trial. InClassic Papers in Orthopaedics(pp. 229-231). Leppnen, M., Aaltonen, S., Parkkari, J., Heinonen, A. and Kujala, U.M., 2014. Interventions to prevent sports related injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Sports medicine,44(4), pp.473-486. McIntyre, R.S., Lophaven, S. and Olsen, C.K., 2014. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of vortioxetine on cognitive function in depressed adults.International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology,17(10), pp.1557-1567. Walsh, M., Srinathan, S.K., McAuley, D.F., Mrkobrada, M., Levine, O., Ribic, C., Molnar, A.O., Dattani, N.D., Burke, A., Guyatt, G. and Thabane, L., 2014. The statistical significance of randomized controlled trial results is frequently fragile: a case for a Fragility Index.Journal of clinical epidemiology,67(6), pp.622-628.